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The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between physician case volume and the outcomes of critically ill children with pneumonia.

This is a population-based cohort study analyzed data provided from by the National Health Insurance Research Database of Taiwan, 2006-2009. Children (aged 3 months to 17 years) having records of intensive care unit (ICU) admission and a diagnosis of pneumonia were included. A total of 9754 critically ill children and 1042 attending physicians were enrolled. The children were assigned to 1 of 4 groups based on the physician's pneumonia case volume.

The patients in the very high case volume group had a significantly lower length of hospital stay, in-hospital mortality rate, and hospitalization expenses, and a significantly higher ratio of ICU to hospital stays than the other 3 groups (P < .001). The probability of death tended to be …