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The purpose of this research is to empirically examine the factors that influence effectiveness of supply chain management by investigating the role of the variables of the customer relationship management, human resource competence, and the organization’s internal control system. The research method used is explanatory research and the type of research is verification. The research instrument was tested through the validity and reliability of the data. Furthermore, inferential data analysis using SEM-PLS statistics. The results found that the factors that affect the effectiveness of supply chain management were customer relationship management, competence of human resources affects the effectiveness of supply chain management, and internal control system. The results are useful for providing and utilizing various forms and means of communication and for managing the customer relationship, developing human resources, and updating control systems continuously in public organizations.