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Recently, the 4th industrial revolution known as Industry 4.0 has paved way for a systematical deployment of the modernised power grid to fulfil the continuously growing energy demand of the 21st century. This paper proposes a novel channel-aware distributed routing protocol named CARP for CRSNs-based SG applications. In CARP, the proposed cooperative channel assignment mechanism significantly improves the detection reliability and mitigates the noise and congested spectrum bands resulting in reliable and high capacity links for CRSNs-based SG applications. Moreover, to support higher capacity data requirements and to maximise the spectrum utilisation, the proposed multi-hop routing mechanism selects a secondary user relay node rich in spectrum information with longer ideal probability at low interference in the network. The extensive simulation results conducted through EstiNet9.0 reveal that the …