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In nature, we can see many hostile or extreme environments, as these environments have made life more difficult to survive. Harsh environments can be designated as any considerably high change in the extent of chemical (pH, water content, organic solvents, and salt concentration) or physical variations (osmotic pressure, temperature, pressure, and radiation). Extremophilic organisms are rare organisms that can thrive well in these adverse physicochemical conditions. The discovery of novel actinobacterial species may lead to the recovery of new secondary metabolites. In another sense, the metabolites from the extremophilic actinobacteria have received immense value in harsh industrial applications. Extremophilic actinobacteria can be classified into thermophilic, psychrophilic, barophilic, acidophilic, alkaliphilic, halophilic, osmophilic, saprophytic, and xerophilic based upon their inherent properties. Apart from …