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The aim of this research was to investigate the energy use and costs of pomegranate production in Behshahr city (Mazandaran province) of Iran. The required data were gathered by questionnaire and face to face interviews with 83 pomegranate producers. Cobb-Douglas model and sensitivity analysis were employed for energy flows modeling of the production system. The total energy inputs and energy output of production were determined to be 11195.06 and 13276.56 MJ ha⁻¹, and two inputs of diesel fuel and chemical fertilizers with the shares of 45.81 and 23.47%, were the highest energy consumers for pomegranate production. Energy use efficiency, energy productivity and net energy were 1.18, 2081.50 MJ ha⁻¹ and 0.62 kg MJ⁻¹, respectively. The results of Cobb-Douglas model showed that the effect of the energy inputs including human labor, biocides, chemical fertilizers, farmyard manure …