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Background: The aim of the article was to systematically review published data about the relationship between prostate-specific antigen (PSA) kinetics, including PSA doubling time (PSAdt) and PSA velocity (PSAvel), and detection rate (DR) of positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) using radiolabelled choline in restaging prostate cancer (PCa).

Methods: A comprehensive literature search of studies published through July 2013 regarding the relationship between PSA kinetics and DR of radiolabelled choline PET/CT was carried out. Furthermore, a meta-analysis was performed in order to establish the DR of radiolabelled choline PET/CT using different cut-off values of PSAdt (≤ or >6 months) and PSAvel [>1 or ≤1 ng/(mL year) and >2 or ≤2 ng/(mL year)]. Moreover, a pooled analysis to establish whether PSAdt and PSAvel (using the abovementioned cut-off values) may predict positive …