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Although sleep apnea (SA) appears to be a cardiovascular risk factor, little is known about its frequency in patients with transient ischemic attack (TIA) and stroke.We prospectively studied 59 subjects (26 women and 33 men; mean age, 62 years) with stroke (n = 36) or TIA (n = 23) with the use of a standard protocol that included assessment of snoring and daytime sleepiness (Epworth Sleepiness Score [ESS]), a validated SA score (Sleep Disorders Questionnaire [SDQ-SA]), and a severity of stroke score (Scandinavian Stroke Scale [SSS]). SA was considered clinically probable (P-SA) when habitual snoring was associated with an ESS of >10 or when SDQ-SA score was >or=to32 in women and >or=to36 in men. Polysomnography (PSG) was obtained in 36 subjects (group 1) a mean of 12 days after TIA or stroke. In 23 subjects (group 2), PSG was not available (n = 11), refused (n = 10), or inadequate (n = 2). Clinical …