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Background:  Conduct problems (CP) and hyperactivity/attention problems (HAP) are thought to covary with regularity, yet few studies have examined their co‐occurrence or risk factors that discriminate their trajectories beginning in early childhood.

Method:  The present study sought to advance our understanding of this issue by examining separate trajectories of overt CP and HAP symptomatology among 284 boys from urban, low‐income families followed from ages 1.5 to 10. We also investigated the co‐occurrence of persistent CP and HAP and explored risk factors that discriminate CP and HAP trajectories.

Results:  Four similar trajectory groups were identified for both CP and HAP symptoms. Chronic CP was differentiated from persistent low CP by risk factors in child, parenting, and family domains, while chronic trajectories of HAP were typified by elevated maternal depressive symptoms compared to …