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As a novel food quality monitoring technology, intelligent freshness indicator has received wide attention in recent years. However, its poor safety and stability are the main problems hindering its practical application. Hence a new pH-sensing indicator based on bromocresol green (BCG) was developed in this study for nondestructive and real-time monitoring the freshness of marine fishes. The indicator was designed with a three-layer structure, using the polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) membrane with high hydrophobicity and air permeability as the inner layer to isolate the moisture in the package, BCG-coated filter paper as the color-changing layer to indicate the freshness of fish, and a transparent unidirectional permeable (TUP) membrane with moisture resistance as the out layer to isolate the moisture in the environment. This contributed to weaken the influence of humidity and prevent dye migration, so as to …