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3 Quotations from the letter to Keferstein of Febr. 1890 (Dedekind 1890), 100. By “activities of the understanding” Dedekind meant set-formation and mappings; here it seems most adequate to read his terminology in Kantian spirit, and thus not at all psychologistically. See below. 4 I must say that the critique of Dedekind’s ideas in Russell’s Introduction to mathematical philosophy (1919) is unfair most of the time, as should become clear from the analysis below. In fact, it conflicts with Russell’s views in the Principles (1903)!