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Hovenia acerba Lindl. is a perennial tree of Rhamnaceae family. In the present study, four solvents (80% methanol, ethyl acetate, n-hexane, and water) were used to extract the compounds of Hovenia acerba Lindl. peduncles (HAP). The total contents of phenolics and tannins (TPC and TTC), as well as their antioxidant activities (DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP) of these four different extracts including 80% methanol extract (ME), ethyl acetate extract (EE), n-hexane extract (HE) and water extract (WE) were compared. The antioxidant activities of HAP showed positive correlations with TPC and TTC, indicating that phenolics maybe a major contributor to the antioxidant activities of HAP. The significant difference between antioxidant activities and TPC/TTC implied the respective contribution extent of phenolics for the antioxidant activities of four solvent extracts. Besides, a total of 117 compounds, including 7 oligosaccharides …