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A novel anticancer therapy is the need of the hour due to growing incidences of resistance to first line cancer chemotherapy. Synthetic lethality (SL) is one of the new age treatment methods being explored for combating the resistance to anticancer agents. In this method, cell mutations are exploited for the development of new therapeutic agents, where, if there is loss of function of one gene, the cell mutations can still be fixed by alternative machinery but if two genes involved in DNA repair undergo loss of function, it causes lethality to the cell.

The authors condense findings of SL-based novel anticancer regimen. The review emphasizes some of the SL based clinical and preclinical studies of novel targets and therapy.

SL conceptualizes a resolution against treatment resistance to anticancer regimen by recognition of therapeutic vulnerabilities in particular cancer cells. A …