作者
Jakub Dobruch, Siamak Daneshmand, Margit Fisch, Yair Lotan, Aidan P Noon, Matthew J Resnick, Shahrokh F Shariat, Alexandre R Zlotta, Stephen A Boorjian
发表日期
2016/2/1
来源
European urology
卷号
69
期号
2
页码范围
300-310
出版商
Elsevier
简介
Context
The incidence of bladder cancer is three to four times greater in men than in women. However, women are diagnosed with more advanced disease at presentation and have less favorable outcomes after treatment.
Objective
To review the literature on potential biologic mechanisms underlying differential gender risk for bladder cancer, and evidence regarding gender disparities in bladder cancer presentation, management, and outcomes.
Evidence acquisition
A literature search of English-language publications that included an analysis of the association of gender with bladder cancer was performed using Pubmed. Ninety-seven articles were selected for analysis with the consensus of all authors.
Evidence synthesis
It has been shown that the gender difference in bladder cancer incidence is independent of differences in exposure risk, including smoking status. Potential molecular mechanisms include …
学术搜索中的文章
J Dobruch, S Daneshmand, M Fisch, Y Lotan, AP Noon… - European urology, 2016