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In this study, novel kappa-carrageenan/poly(vinyl alcohol) nanocomposite hydrogels were developed by incorporating sodium montmorillonite nanoclay. The mixture of polymers and montmorillonite was crosslinked with freezing–thawing technique and subsequent with K⁺ ions. The structure of nanocomposite hydrogels was characterized with the FTIR, SEM, XRD, and TEM techniques. By introducing montmorillonite nanoclay, the swelling capacity of nanocomposites was decreased from 1200 to 320 % due to the crosslinking role of montmorillonite nanoclay. The adsorption of cationic crystal violet dye on nanocomposite hydrogels was studied via batch adsorption system on the subject of contact time, nanoclay content, pH of dye solution, temperature, and ion strength of dye solution. Compared with clay-free hydrogel, the nanocomposites indicated a relatively improved adsorption capacity at the same …