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In this work, we report on a simple and scalable process to synthesize the core–shell nanostructure of MoS2@N-doped carbon nanosheets (MoS2@C), in which polydopamine is coated on the MoS2 surface and is then carbonized. An intensive investigation using transmission electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy reveals that the as-synthesized MoS2@C possesses a nanoscopic and ultrathin layer of MoS2 sheets with a thin and conformal coating of carbon layers (∼3 nm). The MoS2@C demonstrates a superior electrochemical performances as an anode material for lithium ion batteries compared to exfoliated MoS2 and bulk MoS2 samples. This unique core–shell structure is capable of delivering an excellent Li+ ion charging–discharging process as follows: a specific capacity as high as 1239 mA h g−1, a high rate capability even at a high current rate of 10 A g−1 while retaining 597 mA h g−1, and a …