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The incidence of human chronic kidney failure with associated cardiovascular disease is increasing. Kidney damage can be induced in rats by chronic dietary adenine intake. We have used this intervention to investigate the development of concurrent kidney and cardiovascular injury.

Dose-ranging studies were undertaken on male Wistar rats by feeding with adenine (0.075%, 0.25%, 0.5% or 0.75%) for up to 16 weeks. 0.075% adenine produced minimal changes while 0.5% or 0.75% adenine produced marked kidney damage; 0.25% adenine was chosen for further studies since it produced moderate kidney and cardiovascular damage. In rats fed 0.25% adenine, renal function (blood urea nitrogen (BUN), plasma creatinine, and their clearances; plasma uric acid; proteinuria); renal structure (collagen, apoptosis, inflammation, glomerulopathy); and protein expression of markers for oxidative …