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Dear Editor, Our recent work discovered a role of the Arabidopsis E3 ubiquitin ligase SP1 in peroxisome matrix protein import (Pan et al., 2016). Recently, a Letter to the Editor published in Plant Physiology raised criticism against the localization and function of SP1 in peroxisomes (Ling et al., 2017). Here, we respond to this criticism and present additional evidence to reinforce our conclusion for the role of SP1 in peroxisomes. Ling et al. stated that" there was nothing in the original datasets to suggest functions elsewhere (other than chloroplasts) in the cell," and that" it was difficult to understand how a key regulator of chloroplast protein import" can" additionally operate in a second organelle with a very different protein import system"(Ling et al., 2017). We respectfully disagree with this statement based on information from the literature and our own observations. SP1's closest homolog in human, MAPL/MULAN …