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Cyclosporine A and tacrolimus (Tac) are inmunosuppresive drugs with a narrow therapeutic range. Underdosing is associated with organ rejection, whereas overdosing could result in toxicity. Therapeutic drug monitoring at different postdose times is necessary to maintain the blood concentrations within a target window. These calcineurin inhibitors are characterized by a broad interindividual pharmacokinetics variability, which makes the determination of the initial dose difficult. In a patient receiving a dose, the amount of the drug that is measured in the blood determines its bioavailability, which depends on the absorption, biotransformation, and elimination of the drug. These processes are primarily controlled by efflux pumps and enzymes of the cytochrome P (CYP) 450 family. DNA variants at the genes encoding these proteins contribute to the interindividual heterogeneity for calcineurin inhibitors metabolism …