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We describe and compare two approaches to solid subpixel target detection in hyperspectral imagery. The first approach requires explicit models for both the target and the background, and employs a generalized likelihood ratio in order to obtain a detector that is optimized to those specific models. When this approach is most successful, a closed-form solution is obtained that permits the detector to be efficiently applied. A specific example of this approach is outlined in some detail, leading to the elliptically-contoured finite-target matched filter (EC-FTMF), a variant of the classical FTMF algorithm that uses a multivariate t-distribution instead of a Gaussian as the model for the background. The second approach also requires an explicit model of the target, but does not need a model for the background. In this second approach, matched pairs of data samples are created: for each pixel in the original hyperspectral …