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The terrestrial mammal fauna from the upper Eocene Qasr el Sagha and upper Eocene-early Oligocene Jebel Qatrani Formations, Fayum Province, Egypt, is largely comprised of endemic orders as a consequence of geographic isolation throughout the Eocene. However, a portion of this fauna evinces relationships with taxa found in the Eocene of Asia, Europe, and the Indian subcontinent, providing evidence of limited faunal dispersal during this period of geographic isolation. This work examines biogeographic relationships among the Old World Paleogene members of three groups--hystricomorph rodents, hyaenodontid creodonts, and anthracotheriid artiodactyls--to determine whether such dispersal events took place during the Eocene, and if so, to constrain the possible timing and location of these events. A method incorporating phylogenetic analyses and the geographic and stratigraphic occurrences of …