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To better understand strategies for recruiting and maintaining lung volume in acute lung injury, we examined relationships between steady-state lung volume and cumulative cyclic recruitment/derecruitment volume history and the quasi-static pressure–volume curve, in an animal saline lavage lung injury model. Small-volume tidal pressure–volume loops performed after inflation from functional residual capacity demonstrated incremental, cyclic recruitment only if the peak pressure achieved exceeded the pressure at which the compliance increased (Pflex) on the pressure–volume curve, whereas loops performed after deflation from total lung capacity remained close to the envelope deflation curve. Recruitment continued to occur up to and beyond a peak inspiratory airway pressure of 40 cm H₂O, as demonstrated by both the tidal loops and by computed tomography-derived lung volume data. Tidal-specific …