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Transplantation of mussels to new aquaculture sites is currently being undertaken in Istria (Croatia) to increase production, minimize potential seasonal urban contamination, and secure safer seafood products. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of season and transplantation on physiological indices (condition index and meat yield) of mussels, Mytilus galloprovincialis. Mussels were obtained from five aquaculture areas in Istria (central Lim Bay, Raša, Budava, Vabriga, and Pomer) and moved to a reference site in inner Lim Bay from April to July. Results showed that both season and transplantation affected physiological indices of mussels. Higher physiological indices were found in cultivated mussels from all areas in summer compared to spring, except in mussels from Vabriga and Pomer. In addition, higher physiological indices were found in mussels transplanted from central Lim Bay to the …