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IN October 1902, a “peculiar anomaly in human red blood corpuscles... came to notice in the histologic laboratory of the Ohio State University,” Columbus, Ohio.“Examination disclosed the fact that the colored corpuscles in the sample recently drawn by (a) student from his own finger that were elliptical and not circular.” 2 Similar erythrocyte abnormalities were reported in North African Arab subjects shortly afterwards. 3 In November 1910 James B Herrick, MD (Professor Of Medicine, Rush Medical College, Chicago, Illinois; 1861–1954) published a detailed case report. This described a patient with jaundice, shortness of breath, lymphadenopathy, dark urine, leg ulcers, epigastria pain, and anemia associated with these same types of “peculiar elongated and sickle-shaped red blood corpuscles.” 4 This classic report was the first unequivocal clinical description in Western scientific literature of sickle cell disease (SCD …