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To estimate the prevalence of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (OSAS), using current clinical and epidemiological techniques, among the adult population of Sao Paulo, Brazil.

This population-based survey used a probabilistic three-stage cluster sample of Sao Paulo inhabitants to represent the population according to gender, age (20–80years), and socio-economic status. Face-to-face interviews and in-lab full-night polysomnographies using a nasal cannula were performed. The prevalence of OSAS was determined according to the criteria of the most recent International Classification of Sleep Disorders (ICDS-2) from American Academy of Sleep Medicine (2005).

A total of 1042 volunteers underwent polysomnography (refusal rate=5.4%). The mean age±SD was 42±14years; 55% were women and 60% had a body mass index>25kg/m². OSAS was observed in 32.8% of the …