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Objective:

To determine rates and predictors of treatment refusal in newly identified HIV-infected individuals in Soweto, South Africa.

Design:

It is designed as a cross-sectional study.

Methods:

We analyzed data from adult clients (> 18 years) presenting for voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) at the Zazi Testing Center, Perinatal HIV Research Unit to determine rates of antiretroviral therapy (ART) refusal among treatment-eligible, HIV-infected individuals (CD4+ cell count< 200 cells/μl or WHO stage 4). Multiple logistic regression models were used to investigate factors associated with refusal.

Results:

From December 2008 to December 2009, 7287 adult clients were HIV tested after counseling. Two thousand, five hundred and sixty-two (35%) were HIV-infected, of whom 743 (29%) were eligible for immediate ART. One hundred and forty-eight (20%) refused referral to initiate ART, most of whom (92%) continued to …