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Plasma endothelin-1 (ET-1) levels were studied in 15 obese hypertensive (mean age 48.5 ± 3.9 years) and 15 obese normotensive men (mean age 49.5 ± 3.6 years) before and after weight loss due to an 800 kcal/day diet lasting 12 weeks. Circulating peptide concentrations were also assessed in nonobese hypertensive (n = 11) and normotensive men (n = 12). Baseline plasma ET-1 levels were similar in obese hypertensive (0.87 ± 0.22 pg/ml) and obese normotensive men (0.91 ± 0.30 pg/ml). In seven obese hypertensive men, caloric restriction normalized blood pressure levels (systolic: from 166.6 ± 8.1 to 145.0 ± 6.3 mmHg, P < 0.0001; diastolic: from 106.6 ± 5.1 to 89.1 ± 2.0 mmHg, P < 0.0001) and decreased body mass index (BMI) (from 33.4 ± 1.6 to 29.6 ± 2.1 kg/m², P < 0.002) and plasma ET-1 levels (from 0.93 ± 0.21 to 0.64 ± 0.26 pg/ml, P < 0.05). In the remaining obese hypertensive men (n = 8), blood …