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Method and apparatus for determining the State of entrain ment between biological systems which exhibit oscillatory behavior Such as heart rhythms, respiration, blood preSSure waves and low frequency brain waves based on a determi nation of heart rate variability (HRV). Entrainment reflects a harmonious balance between the two branches of the autonomic nervous system within the body. This internal State of heightened physiological efficiency enhances health and promotes optimal performance. According to one embodiment a method is used to determine the entrainment level based on an entrainment parameter related to HRV. The method first determines the power distribution spectrum (PSD) and then calculates an entrainment parameter (EP), which is a measure of the power distribution in the HRV Spectrum. High EP values occur when this power is con centrated within a relatively narrow range of …