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Anelloviruses comprise a group of non-enveloped circular single-stranded DNA viruses with genomes of 2–4 kb. Anelloviruses were first reported in 1997 in a Japanese patient with post-transfusion hepatitis of unknown etiology 1. Many human and animal anelloviruses have since been characterized, including strains in pigs, rodents, pine martens, non-human primates, sea lions, wild boar, cats, camels, and dogs 2–4. The current taxonomic classification of Anelloviridae by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses includes at least 12 genera and 65 species. Although the pathogenic potential of anelloviruses remains controversial 5, some genotypes or genogroups are suggested to be pathogenic 6 and some have been related to the progression of syndromes caused by other viral agents 7.

Rodents are important natural hosts for the circulation of diverse viruses in the natural environment, including …