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Phospholipase A₂ (PLA₂) constitutes a superfamily of enzymes that hydrolyze the sn‐2 acyl‐chain of phospholipids which are the major components of cell membranes. PLA₂ produces free fatty acids and lysophospholipids as products which serve as lipid mediators and precursors of bioactive lipids. Among them, the release of ω‐6 and ω‐3 fatty acids including arachidonic acid (AA, ω‐6), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, ω‐3), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, ω‐3) is a pivotal role of PLA₂s because the fatty acids are precursors of various eicosanoids and related bioactive oxylipins responsible for inflammation and resolution. Additionally, in contrast to conventional ester‐linked phospholipids, we also investigated PLA₂ specificity toward sn‐1 vinyl ether‐linked phospholipids and phosphatidylinositol phosphates (PIPs) which are involved in various signaling processes.

Cytosolic PLA₂ (cPLA₂), calcium …