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Immune Thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an autoimmune disease characterized by thrombocytopenia and skin and mucosal bleeding. In patients with an indication for treatment, corticosteroids, intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) and anti-D are recommended as the first line, while splenectomy, thrombopoietin receptor agonists or rituximab are recommended second line options. Approximately 10 % of adult patients with ITP fall into the chronic refractory ITP group. Therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) has generally been tested in patients with refractory ITP, who have failed to respond to conventional treatments, in case of bleeding or prior to surgical interventions. It has been stated that elimination of the antibodies that are held responsible in the pathogenesis of the disease has an effective role in the treatment. In this article, we present the results of 17 patients, who underwent TPE for refractory ITP, together with the …