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Two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs), such as MoS₂ and WS₂, have recently emerged as nanomaterials with potential use in biomedicine. An attractive means to favor their interaction with biological media is the use of proper biomolecules as exfoliating/dispersing agents. Here, MoS₂ flakes were stabilized with different small functional biomolecules such as adenosine monophosphate (AMP), guanosine monophosphate (GMP) and flavin mononucleotide (FMN) through the strong nucleotide−MoS₂ interaction of Lewis acid-base type, rather than just on the weak dispersive and hydrophobic forces commonly associated with the use of many surfactants. The impact of the nucleotide-stabilized MoS₂ flakes on the viability and cell proliferation, on the production of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), and on the preosteoblast differentiation process (early stage) has been also evaluated …