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CD4⁺ T cells play critical roles in orchestrating adaptive immune responses. Their activation and proliferation are critical steps that occur before they execute their biological functions. Despite the important role of this process, the underlying molecular events are not fully understood. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been shown to play important roles in lymphocyte development and function. However, the miRNAs that regulate T-cell differentiation, activation and proliferation are still largely unknown. In our previous study, using a miRNA array, we found that several miRNAs (including miR-202, 33b, 181c, 568 and 576) are differentially expressed between resting and activated CD4⁺ T cells. In this study, we focused on the function of miR-568 during CD4⁺ T-cell activation. We showed that the expression level of miR-568 decreased during the activation of T cells, including Jurkat cells and human peripheral blood …