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Shigella spp. are an important group of waterborne pathogens worldwide. This study aimed to determine the frequency of Shigella spp. in a large collection of water samples and to uncover molecular aspects of antimicrobial resistance in the recovered isolates.

The antimicrobial resistance patterns, antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs), including β-lactamases (bla_TEM, bla_SHV, bla_CTX-M, bla_OXA, bla_PER, bla_VEB, bla_GES and bla_CMY), carbapenemases (bla_KPC, bla_NDM and bla_IMP), plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes [qnrA, qnrB, qnrS and aac(6′)-Ib] and tetracycline resistance genes [tet(A), tet(B), tet(C) and tet(D)], as well as class 1 and 2 integrons were analysed in Shigella spp. isolated from different water sources in Iran.

Of 788 tested samples, Shigella sonnei and Shigella flexneri were detected in 9 (1.1%) and 6 (0.8%) samples, respectively. A multidrug …