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OBJECTIVE—To assess the effect of replacing red meat with chicken in the usual diet and the effect of a low-protein diet on glomerular filtration rate (GFR), urinary albumin excretion rate (UAER), and lipid levels in patients with type 2 diabetes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—A randomized, crossover, controlled trial was conducted with 28 patients with type 2 diabetes (seven women; mean age 58.1 years): 15 patients were normoalbuminuric (UAER <20 μg/min), and 13 patients were microalbuminuric (UAER 20–200 μg/min). A chicken-based diet (red meat replaced with chicken) and a low-protein diet were compared with the patients’ usual diet. Patients followed each diet for 4 weeks with a 4-week washout period between. GFR (⁵¹Cr-EDTA single-injection technique), 24-h UAER (immunoturbidimetry), apolipoprotein B, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and triglycerides …