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The objective of the present study was to determine the effectiveness of resilience-based training for Mothers on reducing parenting stress and promoting resilience of 4-6 year-old children. This study was a quasi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest design. In this study, using convenience sampling method, 24 Mothers with 4-6 year-old children in Meybod, who were studying at Nobahar Preschool Center during 2019-2020 were selected and randomly divided into experimental and control groups. The experimental group underwent children resilience training program for nine sessions of 90 minutes and the control group received no intervention. The participants in both groups completed Parenting Stress Index and Child and Adolescent Resilience Scale before and one week after the intervention. The results showed that resilience training for parents significantly reduced parenting stress and increased children's resilience. Children comprise a major portion of the world's population. According to the latest report of the United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund (UNICEF) in 2020, there are about 1. 9 billion children in the world, making 27% of the world's population. Hence, addressing their mental health helps them be mentally and physically healthy, and play their social role better (Hayden and Mash, 2014). Among the factors affecting child development, family is the first and most enduring element, which in almost all societies is considered a constructive factor and the cornerstone for development of the child's personality and future behaviors (Amiri and Kalkian, 2012). Among family members, Mothers are the …