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Aims  To provide empirical data‐driven identification of a group of addicted online gamers.

Design  Repeated cross‐sectional survey study, comprising a longitudinal cohort, conducted in 2008 and 2009.

Setting  Secondary schools in the Netherlands.

Participants  Two large samples of Dutch schoolchildren (aged 13–16 years).

Measurements  Compulsive internet use scale, weekly hours of online gaming and psychosocial variables.

Findings  This study confirms the existence of a small group of addicted online gamers (3%), representing about 1.5% of all children aged 13–16 years in the Netherlands. Although these gamers report addiction‐like problems, relationships with decreased psychosocial health were less evident.

Conclusions  The identification of a small group of addicted online gamers supports efforts to develop and validate questionnaire scales aimed at measuring the phenomenon of online …