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The threshold switching (TS) phenomenon in memristors has drawn great attention for its versatile applications in selectors, artificial neurons, true random number generators, and electronic integrations. The transition between nonvolatile resistive switching and volatile TS modes can be realized by doping, varying annealing and voltage sweeping conditions, or imposing different compliance current. Here, a strategy is reported to achieve such transition by the noninvasive UV light stimulus based on InP/ZnS quantum dot (QD) memristor. The core–shell InP/ZnS QDs with quasi‐type II band alignment ensures photoexcited electrons localized in InP core, photoexcited hole state distributed in the outer shell, and subsequent lifetime controlling of conductive filament under light irradiation. Systematic mechanism investigations indicate that UV photogenerated holes are accumulated on the surface of the QD film, which …