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We investigated the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS), particularly hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2) and superoxide anion (• O 2−) in the regulation of vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) Ca 2+ concentration ([Ca 2+] i) and vascular contraction and assessed whether redox-dependent Ca 2+ signaling and contraction are altered in hypertension. VSMCs and mesenteric arteries from Wistar Kyoto (WKY) and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) were studied. Cells were stimulated with H 2 O 2 (10− 4 mol/l) or LY83583 (• O 2− generator, 10− 5 mol/l).[Ca 2+] i and cytosolic• O 2− were measured by fura-2AM and tempo-9-AC fluorescence respectively. L-type and T-type Ca 2+ channels were assessed using verapamil/diltiazem and mibefradil respectively and mRNA and protein expression of these channels was assessed by real-time PCR and immunoblotting respectively. H 2 O 2 time-dependently increased [Ca 2 …