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This study investigated the effectiveness of eugenol and of the essential oil (EO) of Lippia alba when used in the transport of the silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen). These investigations involved measurements of blood (pH, PvO₂, PvCO₂ and HCO₃ ⁻) and water parameters, survival and ionoregulatory balance. Fish (301.24 ± 21.40 g, 28.90 ± 1.30 cm) were transported at a loading density of 169.2 g L⁻¹ for 4 h in fifteen plastic bags (7 L) divided into five treatments: control, 1.5 or 3.0 μL L⁻¹ of eugenol and 10 or 20 μL L⁻¹ of EO of L. alba. The water parameters were measured before (0 h) and after (4 h) transportation. The net Na⁺, Cl⁻ and K⁺ losses were higher in fish from the control treatment compared to the other treatments. The PvO₂, PvCO₂ and HCO₃ ⁻ increased significantly in all of the treatments at the end of the transport period. In conclusion, based on the water (total ammonia …