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Inflammation plays an essential role in vascular injury and repair. Mononuclear phagocytes are important contributors in these processes, in part, via adhesive interactions and secretion of proinflammatory cytokines. The antiinflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)‐10 suppresses such responses via deactivation of monocytes/macrophages and repression of inflammatory cytokine expression. The mechanisms of IL‐10's suppressive action are, however, incompletely characterized. Here, we report that systemic IL‐10 treatment after carotid artery denudation in mice blunts inflammatory cell infiltration and arterial tumor necrosis factor (TNF) expression. At the molecular level, in a human monocytic cell line, U937 IL‐10 suppressed LPS‐induced mRNA expression of a number of inflammatory cytokines, mainly via posttranscriptional mRNA destabilization. Detailed studies on IL‐10 regulation of TNF‐ mRNA expression …