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Hormone potency depends on receptor availability, regulated via gene expression and receptor trafficking. To ascertain how central leptin receptors are regulated, the effects of leptin challenge, high‐fat diet, fasting and refeeding were measured on leptin receptor number and gene expression. These were measured using quantitative ¹²⁵I‐labelled leptin in vitro autoradiography and in situ hybridisation, respectively. Ob‐R (all forms of leptin receptor) expression in the choroid plexus (CP) was unchanged by high‐fat diet or leptin challenge, whereas fasting increased but refeeding failed to decrease expression. ¹²⁵I‐labelled leptin binding to the CP was increased by fasting and returned to basal levels on refeeding. ¹²⁵I‐Labelled leptin was reduced by leptin challenge and increased by high‐fat feeding. Ob‐Rb (signalling form) in the arcuate (ARC) and ventromedial (VMH) nuclei was increased after fasting and …