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Inflammatory processes are implicated in preterm labour (PTL). To identify potential novel markers for PTL, we have used commercial cDNA arrays to generate profiles of differential expression of inflammation-associated genes in gestational membranes with term and PTL. RNA for cDNA probe synthesis was isolated from reflected human amnion and choriodecidua membranes delivered following Caesarean section at term before the onset of labour (TNL, n = 4), spontaneous labour at term (TSL, n = 4), and PTL with and without chorioamnionitis (PTL^+INF and PTL^−INF respectively, n = 4 each). Profiles were displayed relative to TNL and statistical comparisons of TSL versus TNL and PTL^+INF versus PTL^−INF were performed. Elevated expression of chemokines macrophage inflammatory protein 1β(MIP–1β) and pulmonary and activation-regulated chemokine (PARC) was observed in PTL^+INF compared to …