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Memory deficit is the most visible symptom of cerebral ischemia. The hippocampus is sensitive against cerebral ischemia. Oxidative stress and inflammation are involved in the pathological process after cerebral ischemic injury. Paroxetine has anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects. In this study, the effect of paroxetine on memory deficit after cerebral ischemia was investigated. Cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury model was established using the bilateral occlusion of common carotid artery method. Paroxetine (10 mg/kg) was intraperitoneally injected into rats, 24 h before surgery or once a day for 7 days after surgery. Learning and memory were evaluated using the Morris water maze task, then the brain tissue was fixed and hippocampal CA1 pyramidal cells damage was analyzed using the Nissl staining method. In the ischemia group the escape latency time (ELT) and the swimming path length (SPL …