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Oil residues containing high molecular mass hydrocarbons, rich in polyaromatic compounds, are frequent end-products of crude oil processing and are poorly biodegradable. Their disposal poses an environmental problem. Through batch-enrichments from contaminated soils we have isolated and characterized seven bacterial strains that can use a residue from crude oil processing as a source of carbon and energy. The residue was a complex mixture of high molecular mass compounds, including saturated, aromatic and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Analysis of the metabolic profiles of the strains isolated showed that they could all metabolize long-chain-length alkanes efficiently, but not PAHs. Strains degrading naphthalene, a simple PAH, did exist in the soil inocula used, but could be isolated only when enrichments were performed using pure naphthalene as the sole carbon source. All strains …