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A fast growing body of evidence indicates that the circadian system is important for health. In turn, desynchrony has been associated with the development of numerous age-related diseases and the aging process. Alterations of the circadian variation occurring within the physiological range provide warning signs that, if acted upon, lead to truly primary prevention not across the board but targeted to the individual person. This is the case for instance for Vascular Variability Disorders. Particular attention is given to blood pressure and heart rate recorded in the elderly, in shift-workers in the Arctic, and to a personalized chronotherapeutic approach.