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Despite the well-recognized association between diabetes (DM) and pancreatic cancer (PaC), little is known about DM associated with PaC. We compared the prevalence and clinical characteristics of DM in subjects with and without PaC.

We prospectively recruited 512 newly diagnosed PaC cases and 933 controls of similar age, who completed detailed demographic and clinical questionnaires and had fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels measured at recruitment and after pancreaticoduodenectomy (n = 105). Subjects with an FBG level ≥126 mg/dL or who were on antidiabetic treatment were classified as having DM.

DM was more prevalent (47% vs 7%; P < .001) and predominantly of new onset (<2-year duration) (74% vs 52%; P = .002) among cases compared with controls. Among PaC cases, those with DM (n = 243) were older (68 ± 10 vs 64 ± 12 years; P < .001 …