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A permanent research plot was established at Pasoh Forest Reserve, Negeri Sembilan, Peninsular Malaysia, in 1985. The plot replicates in purpose and methodology a similar 50-ha plot established earlier on Barro Colorado Island, Panama, by the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute. Both plots aim to investigate the population structure of trees quantitatively and over a long-term period, wih an emphasis on spatial patterning. Every tree of diameter ≥ 1 cm is tagged, measured, identified and mapped, and repeat inventories carried out over later years. Dominant species of the forest were in Dipterocarpus and Shorea. In this report, all the methods used in developing the Pasoh field site and the resulting database are described. Methods used at Barro Colorado are indicated where they were different, and recommendations are made for improved methods.