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METHODS Patients From October 2007 to December 2009, a total of 1,120 patients underwent robotic thyroidectomy using a gasless, transaxillary approach at our institution. Forty-two patients who underwent total thyroidectomy with lateral neck dissection and 21 patients with benign thyroid disease were excluded. The remaining 1,047 patients were enrolled in this study. The newly developed transaxillary singleincision robotic approach without anterior chest wall incision has been performed since July 2009. Of 1,047 enrolled patients, 766 underwent transaxillary 2-incision robotic thyroidectomy using an axillary and anterior chest wall skin incision (the 2-incision group) and 281 patients underwent transaxillary single-incision robotic thyroidectomy (the single-incision group). All operations were performed using the da Vinci S surgical robotic system (Intuitive Surgical).

All patients were preoperatively diagnosed …