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There is a paucity of data on the role of microglia and neuroinflammatory processes in the association between chronic pain and depression. The current study examined the effect of the microglial inhibitor minocycline on depressive-like behaviour, spinal nerve ligation (SNL)-induced mechanical and cold allodynia and associated changes in the expression of genes encoding microglial markers (M1 vs. M2 polarisation) and inflammatory mediators in the prefrontal cortex in the olfactory bulbectomised (OB) rat model of depression. Acute minocycline administration did not alter OB-induced depressive-like behaviour but prevented SNL-induced mechanical allodynia in both OB and sham rats. In comparison, chronic minocycline attenuated OB-induced depressive-like behaviour and prevented the development of SNL-induced mechanical allodynia in OB, but not sham, rats. Further analysis revealed that SNL-induced …