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Methane, produced and emitted when organic carbon accumulates in reservoir sediments, can be oxidised microbially before being released into the overlying water by a variety of electron acceptors. This research aimed to investigate the microbial drivers responsible for the specific pattern of methane production and oxidation, as well as the role of electron acceptors in regulating anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM) along the sediment core of a freshwater reservoir.

A sediment core was obtained from the Hongfeng Reservoir, a eutrophic lake-type reservoir located in Guizhou Province, China. To estimate methane production/oxidation profiles, the core was stratified and the porewater properties of each sediment layer (organic matter, carbon isotopic compositions, and etc.) were analysed and integrated with microbial communities and the methane production activity.